【英文标准名称】:StandardGuideforIrradiationofInsectsforSterileReleasePrograms
【原文标准名称】:无菌释放程序中昆虫辐照剂量测量指南
【标准号】:ASTMISO/ASTM51940-2004
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2004
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:E10.01
【标准类型】:(ISO/ASTM)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:absorbeddose;biologicalcontrol;cesium-137;cobalt-60;electronaccelerator;dosimeter;dosimetry;gamma;insectirradiation;insectrearing;ionizingradiation;irradiation;irradiatorcharacterization;parasitoidrearing;radiation;sterileinsectte
【摘要】:4.1Themajoruseoffactory-rearedinsectsisinsterilereleaseprograms(forexample,SterileInsectTechnique,orSIT)forsuppressingoreradicatingpestpopulations(1)5.Largenumbersofreproductivelysterile(irradiated)insectsarereleasedintoanareawhereawild"targetpopulation"ofthesamespeciesexists.Thewildpopulationisreducedtotheextentthatthesterilemalesaresuccessfulinmatingwithwildfemales.Theradiationdosetothefactory-rearedinsectsshouldbewithinarangethatinducesthedesiredlevelofsterilitywithoutsubstantiallyreducingtheabilityoffactory-rearedmalestocompetewithwildmalesformates.SpeciestargetedbySITprogramsaretypicallymajorpestsaffectingagricultureorhumanhealth,sotheassurancebystandardizeddosimetrythatinsectshavebeenproperlyirradiatedisofcrucialimportancetoagriculturegrowers,agriculturalregulators,publichealthofficials,andthepublic(1-4).Theirradiatoroperatormustdemonstratebymeansofaccurateabsorbed-dosemeasurementsthatallinsectswillreceiveabsorbeddosewithinthespecifiedrange.4.2Anotheruseoffactory-rearedinsectsisintheproductionofparasitoidsforreleaseagainstpopulationsofinsectpests(5).Parasitoidsareinsectsthatspendthelarvalstagefeedingwithinthebodyofa"host"species,typicallykillingthehost.Insomeparasitoidprograms,factory-rearedhostinsectsareirradiatedbeforebeingofferedtoparasitoids.Thiseliminatestheneedtoseparateunparasitizedhostsfromparasitoidssothatfertile,unparasitizedhostinsectsarenotinadvertentlyreleasedintothefield.4.3Factory-rearedinsectsmaybetreatedwithionizingradiation,suchasgammaradiationfrom137Csor60Cosources,orX-raysorelectronsfromaccelerators.Gammairradiationofinsectsisusuallycarriedoutinsmall,fixed-geometry,drystorageirradiators(6-8).Dosimetrymethodsforgammairradiationofinsectshavebeendemonstratedandincludeusefulproceduresformappingtheabsorbeddosethroughoutthevolumeoftheinsectcanisterinthesesmallirradiators(ASTMPracticeE2116andRef(9))aswellaslarge-scalegammairradiators(ISO/ASTMPractice51702andRef(10)).4.4Specificationsforirradiationoffactory-rearedinsectsincludealowerlimitofabsorbeddoseandmayincludeacentraltargetdoseandanupperlimit.Thesevaluesarebasedonprogramrequirementsandonscientificdataoneffectsofabsorbeddoseonthesterility,viability,andcompetitivenessofthefactory-rearedinsects.4.5Foreachirradiator,absorbed-doserateatareferencepositionwithintheirradiatedvolumeofinsectsorsimulatedproductismeasuredusingatransfer-orreference-standarddosimetrysystem.Thatmeasurementmaybeusedtocalculatethetimersetting,conveyorspeed,orotherparameterrequiredtodeliverthespecifiedabsorbeddosetotheinsects.4.6Absorbed-dosemappingforestablishingmagnitudesandlocationsofDminandDmaxisperformedusingactualproductorsimulatedproduct(9).4.7Dosimetryispartofameasurementqualityassuranceplanthatisappliedtoensurethattheradiationprocessmeetspredeterminedspecifications(11).1.1Thisguideoutlinesdosimetricprocedurestobefollowedfortheradiationsterilizationofliveinsectsforuseinpestmanagementprograms.Theprimaryuseofirradiated,reproductivelysterileinsectsisintheSterileInsectTechnique,wherelargenumbersofsterileinsectsarereleasedintothefieldtomatewithandthuscontrolpestpopulationsofthesamespecies.Asecondaryuseofsterileinsectsisasbenignhostsforrearinginsectparasitoids.Theproceduresoutlinedinthisguidewillhelpensurethatinsectsprocessedwithionizingradiationfromgamma,electron,orX-raysourcesreceiveabsorbeddoseswithinapredeterminedrange.Informationone......
【中国标准分类号】:
【国际标准分类号】:17_240
【页数】:12P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语