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【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforDeterminingAerobicBiodegradationinSoilofPlasticMaterialsorResidualPlasticMaterialsAfterComposting
【原文标准名称】:测定堆肥处理后的塑料或残留塑料在土壤中有氧生物降解的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMD5988-2003
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2003
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D20.96
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:生物降解能力;土壤;塑料;实验室试验;试验方法;堆肥处理(废弃物)
【英文主题词】:aerobic;biodegradation;degree(ofbiodegradation);mineralization;plastics;soil
【摘要】:Thedegreeandrateofaerobicbiodegradabilityofaplasticmaterialintheenvironmentdeterminestheextenttowhichandtimeperiodoverwhichplasticmaybemineralized.Disposalisbecomingamajorissuewiththeincreasinguseofplastics,andtheresultsofthistestmethodmaypermitanestimationofthedegreeofbiodegradabilityandthetimeperiodoverwhichplasticswillremaininanaerobicsoilenvironment.Thistestmethoddeterminesthedegreeofaerobicbiodegradationbymeasuringevolvedcarbondioxideasafunctionoftimethattheplasticisexposedtosoil.Soilisanextremelyspecies-richsourceofinoculumforevaluationofthebiodegradabilityofplasticsintheenvironment.Whenmaintainedappropriatelywithregardtomoisturecontentandoxygenavailability,thebiologicalactivityisquiteconsiderable,althoughlowerthanotherbiologicallyactiveenvironments,suchasactivatedsewage-sludgeorcompost.Soilisalsotheapplicationtargetforcompostedmaterials,andthereforethebiodegradabilityofsuchmaterialsshouldbeevaluatedinthesoilenvironmentafterthematerialshavebeencomposted.Amixtureofsoilandmaturecompostcontainingcompostedplasticmaterial(asobtainedafterperformingTestMethodD5338)isthereforealsoanappropriatematrixforevaluationofthebiodegradabilityofplastics.1.1Thistestmethodcoversdeterminationofthedegreeandrateofaerobicbiodegradationofsyntheticplasticmaterials(includingformulationadditivesthatmaybebiodegradable)incontactwithsoil,oramixtureofsoilandmaturecompost,underlaboratoryconditions.1.2Thistestmethodisdesignedtoratethebiodegradabilityofplasticmaterialsrelativetoastandardinanaerobicenvironment.1.3Thistestmethodisdesignedtobeapplicabletoallplasticmaterialsthatarenotinhibitorytothebacteriaandfungipresentinsoilandcompost.1.4ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretoberegardedasthestandard.1.5Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.AspecifichazardstatementisgiveninSection8.1.6ThisASTMtestmethodisequivalenttoISO17556:2003.
【中国标准分类号】:G31
【国际标准分类号】:13_030_10
【页数】:5P.;A4
【正文语种】:


【英文标准名称】:Firefightingandrescuevehicles.Commonspecifications.
【原文标准名称】:救护车和消防车.通用规范
【标准号】:NFS61-510-1990
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:法国
【发布日期】:1990-09-01
【实施或试行日期】:1990-09-20
【发布单位】:法国标准化协会(AFNOR)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:C84
【国际标准分类号】:13_220_10
【页数】:38P;A4
【正文语种】:其他